Gabatarwa
A cikin ƙwaƙƙwaran, sauri{0}, da ci gaba da faɗaɗa duniyar ƙirƙira na dijital, alamar al'ada, ƙirar ƙirar gine-gine, batu{1}}na{2}} siyayya, da fasahar fasahar fasaha, acrylic ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun, ƙwararru, ƙwararrun gani, da kuma masana'anta masu kama da buƙatu. Sanannen kasuwanci da kyau{4}}kafaffen sunayen kasuwanci irin su Plexiglas, Perspex, ko Lucite, acrylic yana ba da gilashin ban sha'awa{5}kamar tsayuwar gani, juriya na musamman, ƙarfin tasiri mai ƙarfi, da sauƙaƙan injina gabaɗaya wanda ya sa ya zama babban abin so a tsakanin masu sha'awar sha'awa, ƙananan kasuwanci, da masana'antu{6. Koyaya, tsarin sarrafa injina na gargajiya, babban sawing na sauri, da dabarun niƙa da hannu akai-akai suna barin bayan m, gefuna masu jakunkuna, suna buƙatar babban yashi na biyu da matakan gogewa, da sanya damuwa ta jiki maras so akan kayan wanda zai iya haifar da ƙananan karaya, guntu, da rugujewar kayan aiki masu tsada.
Don gaba ɗaya shawo kan waɗannan matsalolin ƙirƙira na tarihi da haɓaka ƙa'idodin samarwa, ƙwararrun ƙwararrun zamani sun juya zuwa fasahar haɓakar zafin jiki mai ƙarfi wacce ke kewaye da injin yankan Laser. Yin amfani da katako mai ƙarfi, daidaitaccen sarrafa ƙarfin gani, mai yankan Laser na zamani yana narkewa da tsafta kuma yana vaporizes acrylic tare da ingantaccen taswira ta hanyar dijital, yana samar da reza{1}} ƙwararrun geometries, ƙwanƙolin ciki, da santsi, gefuna masu sheki waɗanda galibi suna buƙatar aikin sifili na sakandare{2}} Duk da haka, cimma waccan buƙatun kristal -ƙarataccen harshen wuta{5} ba wai kawai batun tura maɓallin farawa akan kwamitin sarrafawa ba; yana buƙatar fahimta mai zurfi, ƙwarewar fasaha na acrylic polymer chemistry, saitin wutar lantarki, saurin tafiya, taimakawa matsin gas, da madaidaicin matsayi mai zurfi. Wannan ingantaccen jagorar masana'antu an tsara shi sosai don tafiya da ku ta kowane madaidaicin madaidaicin da ake buƙata don ƙwarewar sarrafa acrylic ta amfani da injin yankan Laser ɗin ku, yana tabbatar da rashin lahani, sakamakon ƙwararru kowane lokaci guda.
Fahimtar Kimiyyar Material Acrylic: Cast Versus Extruded
Kafin daidaita sigogin aikin injin ku, gwada saurin gwaji, ko loda wani rikitaccen fayil ɗin ƙira a cikin software na sarrafa ku, yana da mahimmanci ku fahimci ainihin gaskiyar robobi: ba duk zanen gadon acrylic ba daidai suke ba. Abu mafi mahimmancin abu guda ɗaya wanda ke yin tasiri akan yadda takardar acrylic ke aiki a ƙarƙashin matsanancin ƙarfin zafi shine hanyar masana'anta: musamman, ko kayan simintin tantanin halitta ne ko fitar dashi. Rashin fahimtar babban bambance-bambance tsakanin waɗannan nau'ikan acrylic guda biyu na iya haifar da gazawar yankewa mai tsanani, ƙonawa gefuna, ƙamshin sinadarai marasa daɗi, da warping na tsari wanda ke lalata duka batches na kayan.
An kera simintin simintin simintin gyare-gyare ta hanyar zuba ruwa acrylic monomer tsakanin manyan filaye guda biyu masu gogewa masu inganci na gilashin silicate mai inganci da kyale shi ya yi polymerize sannu a hankali a cikin wankan ruwan dumi ko tanda. Wannan jinkirin, tsarin sarrafa sinadarai mai sarrafa gaske yana haifar da wani abu tare da nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in kwayoyin halitta, ingantaccen ƙarfin injina, da ingantaccen yanayin zafi. Lokacin da aka sarrafa tare da na'urar yankan Laser, jefa acrylic yana amsawa sosai ga makamashin thermal; yana yin tururi a tsafta tare da madaidaiciyar hanyar da aka yanke, yana haifar da santsi, mai haske, harshen wuta{3} da goge baki wanda yayi kama da an goge shi da hannu sosai. Bugu da ƙari, sel simintin acrylic yana da matukar juriya ga fashewar damuwa na sinadarai, yana mai da shi matakin farko, zaɓin da ba za a iya jayayya ba don yankan vector mai ƙulli, zanen hoto mai kyau, haɗin haɗin ginin tsari, da manyan lokuta masu nunin tallace-tallace na ƙarshe-.
Extruded acrylic, a daya bangaren, ana kerarre ta ta hanyar ci gaba mai girma -ara yawan girma -tsarin samarwa inda daskararrun pellets na acrylic ke narkar da zafi mai tsanani kuma a ci gaba da tilastawa ta hanyar mutuƙar ƙarfe mai siffa don samar da zanen gado na kauri iri ɗaya. Saboda extruded acrylic ana samar da shi a ƙarƙashin ci gaba da matsa lamba na inji kuma ana sanyaya shi cikin sauri ta hanyar nadi mai sanyaya, yana riƙe da matsi na injin da ya saura na ciki. A lokacin da aka hõre da tsanani, mayar da hankali thermal makamashi na Laser sabon inji, extruded acrylic o ƙarin narke da sauri da rashin daidaituwa fiye da ta simintin takwarorinsu. Yanke gefuna sukan bayyana ɗanɗano, sanyi, fari- hazo, ko ɗan murƙushewa maimakon bayyananne da gilashi, kuma kayan sun fi saurin kamuwa da ƙaramar fatsawa da haukan sinadarai lokacin da aka fallasa su ga abubuwan kaushi ko manne ruwa. Saboda haka, yayin da extruded acrylic gabaɗaya ya fi araha kuma yana da juriya na kauri na kasuwanci, ƙwararrun masanan masana'anta kusan ke ƙayyade acrylic simintin tantanin halitta yayin da ake buƙatar ingancin gefen gani mara lahani da amincin tsarin.
Kiran Kira a Ma'auni: Ƙarfi, Gudu, Mita, da Mayar da hankali
Samun tsaftataccen yanke, inganci, da gani mai ban sha'awa a kan takardar acrylic yana buƙatar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun sigogin aikin yankan na'urar ku. Ba kamar dazuzzuka na halitta ba, ƙwanƙoƙi na halitta, ko yadudduka masu saƙa waɗanda ke ɗaukar makamashin Laser daidai gwargwado a cikin matrix ɗin su, acrylic yana da takamaiman, narkewa mai mahimmanci da ƙofofin vaporization waɗanda ke buƙatar madaidaicin ma'auni na shigarwar thermal da saurin tafiyar motsi.
Fitowar wutar lantarki ta Laser shine babban canji na farko wanda ke jagorantar ikon ku na yanki ta hanyar kauri daban-daban na kayan acrylic a tsafta. Don siraran zanen gado masu auna milimita 3, matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaicin wutar lantarki akan tsarin laser CO2 yawanci ya fi isa, yayin da mafi girman zanen gadon da ke auna milimita 10 ko sama da haka suna buƙatar mafi girma na wutar lantarki ko wucewar ci gaba da yawa. Koyaya, kuskuren mafari na gama gari shine dogaro kawai akan matsakaicin ƙarfin laser yayin sadaukar da ingantaccen saurin tafiya. Idan an saita ƙarfin Laser ɗinku da yawa yayin da aka saita saurin tafiyarku a hankali, yawan yawan zafin jiki zai sa acrylic ya tafasa, kumfa, kuma ya zama mara kyau, narke "bead" tare da gefen ƙasa na kayan. Akasin haka, idan saurin tafiyarku ya yi sauri don ikon da ake amfani da shi, Laser ɗin zai kasa shiga cikin cikakken kauri na takardar, wanda zai haifar da yankewar da ba ta cika ba, ɓangarori da aka kulle, da ɓarnatar abubuwa.
Yanke mitar {{0} galibi ana aunawa a cikin Hertz (Hz) ko ƙwanƙwasa kowane inch (PPI) don ayyukan yankan vector{1}}yana taka rawa daidai daidai da ingancin saman ƙasa. Lokacin amfani da na'urar yankan Laser CO2 akan acrylic, ci gaba da fitowar igiyar ruwa ko ƙimar bugun bugun jini gabaɗaya an fi son tabbatar da santsi, narke gaba mara tsayawa tare da hanyar vector. Ƙananan saitunan mitoci na iya ƙirƙirar abin gani mai gani{5}}haƙori, tsage-tsatse, ko tsattsauran nau'in rubutu tare da yanke gefuna, yana lalata ƙayatarwa na yanki. Bugu da ƙari, madaidaicin matsayi mai mahimmanci yana da mahimmanci. Don sirara acrylic zanen gado, wurin mai da hankali na katako na Laser yawanci ana sanya shi daidai a saman saman ko kuma an ɗan nutse cikin tsakiyar kayan. Don faranti masu kauri, daidaita mayar da hankali dan zurfi yana tabbatar da cewa katako yana kiyaye kunkuntar kerf faɗin kerf har zuwa saman ƙasa, yana hana taper da rashin daidaituwar walƙiya.
Kariyar Sama, Masks, da Taimakawa Gudanar da Gas
Ko da tare da daidaitaccen daidaitawar wutar lantarki da saitunan sauri, abubuwan muhalli a cikin shingen yanke na iya tasiri sosai ga ingancin aikin acrylic ɗin ku. Sarrafa abin rufe fuska na takarda mai karewa, fim ɗin filastik, da taimakon tsarin isar da iskar gas yana da mahimmanci don hana lahani a saman ƙasa, sake fasalin soot, da walƙiya maras so{1}}.
Kusan duk zanen gadon acrylic na kasuwanci suna zuwa daga masana'anta da aka lulluɓe ta ɓangarorin biyu tare da abin rufe fuska{0}ko dai fim ɗin filastik polyethylene na bakin ciki ko kuma mai nauyi{1}} takarda mai kraft liner. Barin wannan masking a yayin aikin yankan Laser yana da mahimmanci don kare abubuwan da aka goge daga gogewa yayin sarrafawa da kare fuskar kayan daga hayakin iska, soot, da vaporized acrylic spatter wanda zai iya sake adanawa kuma har abada tabo mai haske. Duk da haka, ba duk kayan rufe fuska suna da kyau a ƙarƙashin katako na laser ba. Ƙwararrun masanan masana'anta sun fi son rufe takarda saboda yana ƙonewa da tsabta a ƙarƙashin hanyar laser ba tare da narkewa ba, yayin da wasu fina-finai na filastik masu arha za su iya narke, haɗawa zuwa saman acrylic, kuma suna barin baya mai ɗanɗano, mai wahala{{6} don cire ragowar. Idan acrylic ɗinku yana da fasalin abin rufe fuska na filastik wanda ke son narke, galibi yana da kyau a cire shi kuma a maye gurbinsa da ƙwararrun -ƙananan darajar{9}}tack canja wurin takarda kafin yanke.
Taimakawa sarrafa iskar gas wani muhimmin mahimmancin aiki ne. Lokacin aiki da na'ura mai yankan Laser, tsayayyen rafi na iska mai matsa lamba ko iskar iskar gas ana ci gaba da hura coaxially ta hanyar yankan bututun ƙarfe kai tsaye zuwa wurin mai da hankali. Wannan taimakon gas yana aiki da manufa biyu: yana sanyaya kayan da ke kewaye da shi sosai don rage murɗawar zafi da harshen wuta, kuma yana fitar da narkakkar tarkace da iskar gas don kiyaye ruwan tabarau mai tsabta. Don yankan acrylic, yin amfani da mai -free, danshi{4}} iska mai matsewa kyauta a matsakaicin matsa lamba shine daidaitaccen aiki. Yawan matsa lamba na iska na iya kwantar da gaban gaban da wuri da kuma rage zurfin yanke, yayin da kadan matsi zai iya kasa share hayaki, wanda zai haifar da tashin hankali{6}}inda iskar gas ke kunnawa a cikin kerf kuma ya ƙone gefuna na kayan.
Buga -Hanyoyin Gudanarwa da Gyaran Laifukan Yanke gama gari
Ko da lokacin amfani da ingantattun sigogi akan babban injin yankan Laser mai girma{0}}, fahimtar yadda ake warware kurakuran yankan gama gari da sarrafa sauƙaƙan hanyoyin sarrafawa{1} zai ɗaga aikin ƙirƙira acrylic ɗinku daga madaidaici zuwa na musamman.
Ɗaya daga cikin batutuwan da masu ƙirƙira ke fuskanta akai-akai shine "m" - bayyanar ƙanƙanta, ƙananan karaya ko layukan damuwa da ke fitowa waje daga yanke. Crazing kusan ko da yaushe yana haifar da haɗuwa da damuwa na zafin jiki na ciki a cikin takardar acrylic (na kowa a cikin kayan da aka cire) da kuma fallasa ga abubuwan da ake amfani da su na sinadaran, kayan tsaftacewa, ko manne jim kadan bayan yankan Laser. Don hana hauka, koyaushe a yi amfani da acrylic simintin simintin sel mai inganci, a guji shafa sabbin gefuna tare da tsattsauran sinadarai masu tsafta kamar acetone ko masu tsabtace taga mai ɗauke da ammonia, kuma ba da damar abun ya yi sanyi a ɗaki da zafin jiki kafin sarrafa ko amfani da adhesives na walda na biyu.
Idan ɓangarorin da aka yanke ɗinku suna nuna ƙaramin hazo mai sanyi ko ɗan rubutu a sama maimakon cikakkiyar tsaftar gani, sauƙi mai sauƙi{0}}aiki zai iya warware rashin cika cikin sauƙi. Yayin da yankan Laser da aka gyara da kyau akan simintin acrylic yana barin fili, ƙananan bambance-bambancen za'a iya daidaita su ta amfani da micro butane micro{2}} fitilar hannu ko na musamman hydrogen{3} Ta hanyar wucewa da sauri kuma a ko'ina cikin harshen wuta mai sarrafawa ta gefen matte, ƙaramin saman Layer na acrylic a hankali yana narkewa kuma yana sake kwarara cikin gilashin-mai santsi, crystal- kammalawa. Koyaya, masu aiki dole ne su yi taka tsantsan yayin goge harshen wuta don gujewa dumama kayan, wanda zai iya haifar da blister, warping, ko ƙonewa.
Babban Haɓaka: Dabarun Nesting da Ƙirƙirar Ƙira
Yayin da ayyukan ƙirƙira ku ke girma daga na al'ada ɗaya{0}kashe samfuri zuwa manyan samar da tsari, haɓaka aikin ku ya zama mahimmanci don haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa da riba.
Ingantacciyar software ta gida tana ba ku damar tsara sassan vector da yawa tare a kan takardar acrylic guda ɗaya, tare da rage sharar ɗanyen abu sosai. Bugu da ƙari, aiwatar da ingantattun ka'idojin gwaji da kuma kiyaye cikakken littafin bayanan ma'auni don kowane kauri da bambance-bambancen launi yana tabbatar da cewa injin yankan Laser ɗin ku yana aiki a mafi girman inganci tare da ƙirar sifili a cikin sauye-sauye masu aiki da yawa.
Kammalawa
Kwarewar fasahar yankan acrylic Laser abu ne mai matuƙar lada wanda ke buɗe yuwuwar ƙirƙira da kasuwanci mara iyaka, kama daga ingantacciyar siginar al'ada da samfuran gine-gine har zuwa manyan nunin tallace-tallace da kyawawan kayan fasaha. Ta hanyar fahimtar keɓantattun halayen kwayoyin simintin tantanin halitta tare da extruded acrylic, bugu da sauri a cikin ƙarfin ku, saurin gudu, da sigogi masu mahimmanci, sarrafa abin rufe fuska da taimakawa matsananciyar iskar gas, da amfani da dabarun sarrafa matsala da post{2}} dabarun sarrafa bayanai, kuna iya ci gaba da samun nasara mara aibi, tabbataccen sakamako-.
Zuba jarin lokaci don gwadawa, tsaftacewa, da kuma rubuta saitunanku akan na'urar yankan Laser abin dogaro yana canza tsarin masana'anta mai ban tsoro a cikin abin da ake iya faɗi, inganci sosai, kuma mai gamsarwa sosai. Rungumi madaidaicin ƙirƙirar dijital na zamani, bari hangen nesa na ku ya jagoranci shimfidu na vector, kuma ku ji daɗin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙirƙira acrylic.